LESSON - 1 Serial monitor

Admin
Administrator

Posts: 18

LESSON - 1 Serial monitor May 21, 2016 6:42:46 GMT

Quote

Post by Admin on May 21, 2016 6:42:46 GMT

Today, I will introduce you to Serial Monitors in arduino and some other basic things you need to know . More of like Theory

What is Serial?
Serial may sound like a tasty breakfast food, but its actually quite different. The word serial means "one after the other." For example, a serial killer doesn't stop with one murder, but stabs many people one after the other. Serial data transfer is when we transfer data one bit at a time, one right after the other.

Information is passed back & forth between the computer and Arduino by, essentially, setting a pin high or low. Just like we used that technique to turn an LED on and off, we can also send data. One side sets the pin and the other reads it. It's a little like Morse code, where you can use dits and dahs to send messages by telegram. In this case, instead of a long cable, its only a few feet probably..

Okhay, Lets start with a few syntaxs..

BEFORE THAT!!! I FORGOT, We've actually used the Serial communications capability already quite a bit...that's how we send sketches to the Arduino! When you Compile/Verify what you're really doing is turning the sketch into binary data (ones and zeros). When you Upload it to the Arduino, the bits are shoved out one at a time through the USB cable to the Arduino where they are stored in the main chip.

Next time you upload a sketch, look carefully at the two LEDs near the USB connector, they'll blink when data is being transmitted. One blinks when the Arduino is receiving data (RX) and one blinks when the Arduino is transmitting data (TX)

OKHAY NOW FOR SOME SYNTAX...


 void setup ()
{
     Serial.begin(9600);           // set up Serial library at 9600 bps
}

Whats BPS?? -> This is BITS PER SECOND, Often called as Baudrate. Your internet connection? Its In BITS and not BYTES. When Someone says 1Mbps they mean 1 mega bis per second * Honestly its not that large as it sound, 9600bps. Its small but enough.. for robotics.

We definately see that there is a Serial thing going on, and it looks like there is a procedure call as well. This is a library procedure call. The library is called Serial and inside the library is a procedure called begin.

If there's no library name, it means that the procedure is in the 'default' collection of procedures we use. For example, delay() is so common, the designers of the Arduino software didn't bother putting it into a library.

OK so Serial.begin sets up the Arduino with the transfer rate we want, in this case 9600 bits per second.

Lets move on to the next line.


void loop()
{
     Serial.println("Hello test");
     delay ( 1000 );
}

This starts sending HEX of 48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 74 65 73 74 to the USB of your laptop, or end devices via RX and TX in mentioned earlier at the mentioned baudrate mentioned ( Just a tip, You will learn more about Serial and Parallel communication in Microprocessors course in 2-2 for EEE/ENI/CS )> Others just can digest what i say here..

Verify and Compile the program and lets see what happens!!.

Now how do we see whats going on? Well In the Arduino software, Theres a Serial Monitor under tools. Just click on it and set the Baudrate to 9600bps like here

Mine is a old arduino software.... It should look like this.

Okhay, next stop is. A QUESTION!!! THE FIRST PERSON TO SOLVE THIS AND PUT THE CODE HERE GETS NOTHING BUT SATISFACTION ( dont take this in the wrong way )

Q ) MAKE A calculator and print if user wants to add, subtract, multiply or divide. PIN 0-9 will be the 9 digits, 10-13 will be add,subtract,multiply or divide. Print the result in the Serial MONITOR

PS : I WANT SOMEONE FROM YOU TO DO THIS , I AINT GONNA!

akshat budania
Guest

LESSON - 1 Serial monitor May 22, 2016 15:16:10 GMT

Quote

Post by akshat budania on May 22, 2016 15:16:10 GMT

int leda = 10;
int ledb = 11;
int ledc = 13;
int ledd = 14;
int a,b,c,d,i,j
int x,y,val;

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(leda,INPUT);// put your setup code here, to run once:
pinMode(ledb,INPUT);
pinMode(ledc,INPUT);
pinMode(ledd,INPUT);
while(i<=9)
{
pinMode(i,INPUT);
}
}

void loop() {
a = digitalRead(leda);
b = digitalRead(ledb);
c = digitalRead(ledc);
d = digitalRead(ledd);// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

delay(1000);

while(i<=9)
{
i=0;
val = digitalRead(i);
if(val == HIGH)
{
x=i;
break;
}
}
while(j<=9)
{
j=i+1;
val = digitalRead(j);
if(val == HIGH)
{
y=j;
break;
}
}

if (a == HIGH)
{
Serial.print("ADD");
Serial.print(x+y);
}

if (b == HIGH)
{
Serial.print("SUB");
Serial.print(x-y);
}

if (c == HIGH)
{
Serial.print("MULTI");
Serial.print(x*y);
}

if (d == HIGH)
{
Serial.print("DIVIDE");
Serial.print(x/y);
}
delay(3000);
}

Admin Administrator Posts: 18	LESSON - 1 Serial monitor May 23, 2016 11:52:18 GMT Quote Select Post Deselect Post Link to Post Member Give Gift Back to Top Post by Admin on May 23, 2016 11:52:18 GMT THATS GOOD! ASKHAT!, Try taking in 2 digit and 3 digit depending on the user, Can I know what will be the result if its x/y when y = 0? Implement this and post the result!

Laukik Rege New Member HEE HEE HA HA HA HA! Posts: 2	LESSON - 1 Serial monitor May 23, 2016 15:39:23 GMT Quote Select Post Deselect Post Link to Post Member Give Gift Back to Top Post by Laukik Rege on May 23, 2016 15:39:23 GMT Can someone post the connections or schematic for this program?
	Whhhy ssso sssserrrrious?

Laukik Rege
New Member

HEE HEE HA HA HA HA!

Posts: 2

LESSON - 1 Serial monitor May 24, 2016 5:47:58 GMT

Quote

Post by Laukik Rege on May 24, 2016 5:47:58 GMT

int num1=0;
int num2=0;
int count1=0;
int count2=0;
int flag=LOW;
int op=0;
int i=0;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
for(i=2;i<=13;i++)
pinMode(i,INPUT);
}
void loop()
{
int zero = digitalRead(0);
int one = digitalRead(1);
int two = digitalRead(2);
int three = digitalRead(3);
int four = digitalRead(4);
int five = digitalRead(5);
int six = digitalRead(6);
int seven = digitalRead(7);
int eight = digitalRead(8);
int nine = digitalRead(9);
int ten = digitalRead(10);
int eleven = digitalRead(11);
int twelve = digitalRead(12);
int thirteen = digitalRead(13);
int equal = analogRead(A0);
if(zero==HIGH||one==HIGH||two==HIGH||three==HIGH||four==HIGH||five==HIGH||six==HIGH||seven==HIGH||eight==HIGH||nine==HIGH)
{
if(flag!=HIGH)
calc1();
else
calc2();
}
else if(ten==HIGH||eleven==HIGH||twelve==HIGH||thirteen==HIGH)
operate();
else if(equal==HIGH)
{
switch(op)
{
case 10:
Serial.println("Sum = "+(num1+num2));
break;
case 11:
Serial.println("Diff = "+(num1-num2));
break;
case 12:
Serial.println("Product = "+(num1*num2));
break;
case 13:
if(num2!=0)
Serial.println("Quotient = "+(num1/num2));
else
Serial.println("Error: Division by zero");
break;
}
}
}
void calc1()
{
for(i=0;i<=9;i++)
{
if(digitalRead(i)== HIGH)
{
delay(300);
num1=num1 + pow(10,count1);
}
}
count1++;
}
void operate()
{
for(i=10;i<=13;i++)
{
if(digitalRead(i)==HIGH)
{
delay(300);
op = i;
flag = HIGH;
}
}
}
void calc2()
{
for(i=0;i<=9;i++)
{
if(digitalRead(i)== HIGH)
{
delay(300);
num2=num2 + pow(10,count2);
}
}
count2++;
}

Whhhy ssso sssserrrrious?

AASHISH AGARWAL
New Member

Posts: 1

LESSON - 1 Serial monitor May 24, 2016 10:28:31 GMT

Quote

Post by AASHISH AGARWAL on May 24, 2016 10:28:31 GMT

//This is not working properly it's doing the math but it's only taking 1 and 2 as input even though i changed the pin

int x,y,n=9;
int kPina = 10;
int kPinb = 11;
int kPinc = 12;
int kPind = 13;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(kPina, INPUT);
pinMode(kPinb, INPUT);
pinMode(kPinc, INPUT);
pinMode(kPind ,INPUT);

int i;

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
pinMode(i, INPUT);
}
}

void loop()
{
int i,a,b,c,d,j;
a = digitalRead(kPina);
b = digitalRead(kPinb);
c = digitalRead(kPinc);
d = digitalRead(kPind);

for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
if(digitalRead(i == HIGH))
{

x = i;
Serial.print("x=");
Serial.print(x);
Serial.println();
break;
}
else
{
Serial.print("LOW");
Serial.println();
}
delay(10000);
}

for(j=i+1;j<=n;j++)
{
if(digitalRead(y == HIGH))
{
y = j;
Serial.print("y=");
Serial.print(y);
Serial.println();
break;
}
else
{
Serial.print("LOW");
Serial.println();
}
delay(10000);
}

if(a == 1)
{
Serial.print("x+y=");
Serial.print(x+y);
Serial.println();
delay(2000);
}

else if(b == 1)
{
Serial.print("x-y=");
Serial.print(x-y);
Serial.println();
delay(2000);
}

else if(c == 1)
{
Serial.print("x*y=");
Serial.print(x*y);
Serial.println();
delay(2000);
}

else if(d == 1)
{
Serial.print("x/y=");
Serial.print(x/y);
Serial.println();
delay(2000);
}

}

kartik New Member Posts: 2	LESSON - 1 Serial monitor May 24, 2016 14:45:38 GMT via mobile Quote Select Post Deselect Post Link to Post Member Give Gift Back to Top Post by kartik on May 24, 2016 14:45:38 GMT We can also reduce the number of pins from 14 (0-13) to 11 by considering it in terms of rows and columns. My other doubt is how to execute the void loop() only once??

kartik New Member Posts: 2	LESSON - 1 Serial monitor May 24, 2016 14:48:17 GMT via mobile Quote Select Post Deselect Post Link to Post Member Give Gift Back to Top Post by kartik on May 24, 2016 14:48:17 GMT Sorry that 11 is 9

siddhant
New Member

Posts: 2

LESSON - 1 Serial monitor Jun 3, 2016 11:10:38 GMT

Quote

Post by siddhant on Jun 3, 2016 11:10:38 GMT

//This is the one for two single digit's as input

int ad=10;
int su=11;
int mu=12;
int di=13;
int a,b,c,d,m,x;
int p,q;
int i=1;

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(ad,INPUT);
pinMode(su,INPUT);
pinMode(mu,INPUT);
pinMode(di,INPUT);

while(i<=9)
{
pinMode(i,INPUT);
}
}

void loop()
{

//Reads the first digit
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
m=digitalRead(i);
if(m==HIGH)
p=m;
}

//Reads the second digit
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
m=digitalRead(i);
if(m==HIGH)
q=m;
}

//Reads the operation and performs the operation
a=digitalRead(ad);
b=digitalRead(su);
c=digitalRead(mu);
d=digitalRead(di);
if(a==HIGH)
{
x=p+q;
}

else if(b==HIGH)
{
x=p-q;
}

else if(c==HIGH)
{
x=p*q;
}

else if(d==HIGH)
{
if(q!=0)
x=p/q;
else
Serial.println("b=0 Not allowed");
}

Serial.println(x);
}

siddhant
New Member

Posts: 2

LESSON - 1 Serial monitor Jun 3, 2016 11:28:26 GMT

Quote

Post by siddhant on Jun 3, 2016 11:28:26 GMT

//This is the one for any two digit (max. 13 digit) numbers as input

int ad=10;
int su=11;
int mu=12;
int di=13;
int a,b,c,d,m,x,y,num1,num2;
int p,q,numdig;
int i=0,j;

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(ad,INPUT);
pinMode(su,INPUT);
pinMode(mu,INPUT);
pinMode(di,INPUT);

while(i<=9)
{
pinMode(i,INPUT);
}
}

void loop()
{
//Gets the nummber of digits
Serial.println("How many digit numbers you want to enter(max. 13)?");
for(i=0;i<13;i++)
{
y=digitalRead(i);
if(y==HIGH)
numdig=i;
delay(1000);
}
//Reads the first number
for(j=0;j<numdig;j++)
{
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
m=digitalRead(i);
if(m==HIGH)
{p=p*10+m;
delay(500);
break;
}
}
}

//Reads the second number
for(j=0;j<numdig;j++)
{
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
m=digitalRead(i);
if(m==HIGH)
{q=q*10+m;
delay(500);
break;
}
}
}

//Reads the operation and performs the operation
a=digitalRead(ad);
b=digitalRead(su);
c=digitalRead(mu);
d=digitalRead(di);
if(a==HIGH)
{
x=p+q;
}

else if(b==HIGH)
{
x=p-q;
}

else if(c==HIGH)
{
x=p*q;
}

else if(d==HIGH)
{
if(q!=0)
x=p/q;
else
Serial.println("b=0 Not allowed");
}

Serial.println(x);
delay(2000);
}

Admin: mayank , for the calculator, when u do polling.. U r supposed to keep in mind that click will be more than 500 clock cycles and the for loop will have gone about 200times by th time you release ur finger Jun 7, 2016 13:03:22 GMT

mayankg: Another thing; I have 1 query that in the codes for CALC suppose firstly pin5 is high the it would go on checking from 6 to 9.What about if second time pin3 is high?It would not detect that?? Jun 1, 2016 10:15:58 GMT

mayankg: (I should have asked it long before!!)If I alter the transfer speed Serial.begin(speed) I don't find any significant change in the output that appears.What does it exactly do? May 31, 2016 9:52:02 GMT